Induced Polarization

Induced Polarization (IP) surveys provide insights into the subsurface structure by mapping resistivity and chargeability variations. The method works by inducing an electrical current into the ground and measuring the resulting polarization response, which varies with different subsurface materials. The most chargeable materials include sulfide minerals, clay-rich materials, and graphite, making IP surveys particularly valuable for mineral exploration, especially when the target and host have little resistivity contrast. They're also used in hydrogeology to map salt water intrusions in aquifers, helping to differentiate between saline water and clay zones, both of which have low resistivity.

2D IP surveys offer a cost-effective and efficient initial exploration method, particularly in regions with less complex geology. They provide cross-sectional views of the subsurface along designated lines, offering a 'slice' of the Earth's structure. Despite providing less detail than their 3D counterparts, 2D IP surveys often offer sufficient data for preliminary investigations. When processed, individual 2D profiles can be combined to give a three-dimensional perspective, although this is not as complete or accurate as a "true" 3D measurement.

Combining 2D IP surveys with ground magnetics can effectively map potential zones of mineralization, offering a comprehensive geophysical solution for exploration under cover. IP surveys have contributed significantly to the delineation of several major deposits globally, underscoring their importance in the exploration process.

3D IP surveys, although providing a more comprehensive view of the subsurface, require extensive fieldwork and data processing. Hence, 2D IP surveys are a practical first step in the exploration process, striking a balance between acquiring detailed information and maintaining efficiency.

By combining the data gathered through 2D IP surveys and ground magnetics, potential zones of mineralization beneath the Earth's surface can be mapped. IP has contribute towards the delineament of several major deposits globally.